Ada
versus Modula-3
Compares similarities and differences, by user of both
languages. |
Ada, C, C++,
and Java vs. The Steelman
Compares 4 programming languages (Ada95, C, C++, Java)
with the requirements of "Steelman", original 1978 requirements document
for Ada language. Big detailed table. |
Ada95, Java,
and C++
Some people think Java is like C++, but usual C++ idioms
do not carry over to Java because Java is not a C++ superset or subset;
Java is a derivation with many modifications, extensions. The language's
syntax is alike, but semantics and philosophy is very different. Java is
closer to Ada95 than to C++, syntax notwithstanding. |
Advanced
Programming Language Design
Book compares over 70 languages, and main classes:
imperative, functional, object-oriented, dataflow, concurrent,
declarative, aggregate. By Raphael Finkel,
Addison-Wesley. |
An
Empirical Comparison of C, C++, Java, Perl, Python, Rexx, and
Tcl
By Lutz Prechelt. Neutral, quantitative analysis of 7
languages in title, for 7 variables, via 80 implementations of the same
requirement set. PDF format. [IEEE
Computer] |
Are
scripting languages the wave of the future?
Programming guru, Robert Martin, on languages of the
coming decade. |
Beyond
Java?
Compares Java and Dylan, with examples from building two
CORBA IDL compilers. Topics include: multiple inheritance, multi-argument
dispatch, unified object model, extensible syntax. Several code
examples. |
C# From a Java
Developer's Perspective
Comprehensive article by Dare Obasanjo, details most
similarities and differences between the two languages: features Java has
that C# doesn't, and features C# has that Java doesn't. Text, tables,
code, resources. |
C++??: A
Critique of C++ (3rd ed.)
A critical view on the C++ and C programming language.
[Postscript] |
CLOS,
Eiffel, and Sather: A Comparison
Comprehensive, many references; zipped Postscript,
inlined gifs. |
Comparing
Development Costs of C and Ada
Article by Stephen F. Zeigler. Analysis of a case where
most variables were controlled enough to make a comparison between
development costs (time, error rates, code size, ...) of the 2
languages. |
Comparison of Oberon-2 with
Modula-2
Short text summary of main features of Oberon-2; target
audience: Modula-2 programmers unfamiliar with Oberon-2, but familiar with
object-oriented and extensible programming concepts. |
Comparisons
of Tcl with Other Systems
Many comparisons between Tcl/Tk and other similar
systems, most copied from comp.lang.tcl. |
Contrast
Ruby and Other Languages
Ruby vs Perl, Python, Tcl, Java, Eiffel, C++. Very
short. |
D vs Other
Languages
Yes-No table with definitions compares D, C, C++, C#,
Java, on: GC, functions, arrays, OOP, performance, reliability,
compatibility, conditional compiling. [Digital
Mars] |
Developer's
Dilemma: Perl or PHP?
By Joe "Zonker" Brockmeier. How to choose between two
languages that are both very popular for Web development? Text, forum
comments. [NewsFactor] |
Dylan
Competitive Analysis
Compares Dylan, Smalltalk, Objective-C, C/C++. Long
document. |
Examples of
Programs in Different Programming Languages
Compares 129 (or 157?) languages, via 418 code samples,
and growing. |
Fortran90
vs. Ada95
Compares Ada95 to Fortran90 via code samples, text. Well
reasoned and written, many examples. Finds Ada equal or better than
Fortran in all aspects but one marginal trait. |
Gnat and Linux: C++
and Java Under Fire
Compares Ada, Java, C, C++, Delphi. Text, tables. Gnat
and Linux orientation. [Linux Gazette] |
Guidelines
for Choosing a Computer Language: Support for the Visionary
Organizations
Multipage study compares: 4GL/5GL, 3GL (Ada 95, C, C++,
COBOL, FORTRAN, Java, Smalltalk), 2GL (Assembly). Divides language
(definition) from traits of products that implement and support it.
Several sections, tables, appendixes. |
HEL vs.
WebL
A comparison of two languages specialized for retrieving
and parsing HTML pages. |
How
Does Ruby Compare With Python?
By John Dell'Aquila. Text description, no code samples,
Ruby Garden FAQ entry from comp.lang.python post. |
Inferno/Limbo vs.
JavaOS/Java
A small overview of the differences between
Inferno/Limbo and JavaOS/Java. |
Informal
Language Comparison Chart(s)
Links, and table comparing Ruby, Objective-C,
Smalltalk-80 (old), SmallScript (Smalltalk-98 dialect), JavaScript 2.0
(ECMA Script), C#, C++, Java, Python,
CLOS. |
Intelligent
Systems
Table compares traits of DreamMaker, C/C++, Java/C#,
Visual Basic, Assembly. |
Io
Comparisons
Compares a few variables (size, speed, syntax) in many
languages: Brain, C, Cel, F-Script, Forth (gForth, pForth), Icon, Java
(Kaffe), Lisp (CLisp, Guile, LispMe, Scheme48), Lua, Perl, Pike, Python,
Ruby, Self, Smalltalk (GNU, Squeak, SuperCollider),
Tcl. |
Is .NET's 'C'
Sharper Than C++ or Java? -
By Joe "Zonker" Brockmeier. Text compares a few aspects
of C#, Java, C++. [NewsFactor] |
Is
Ada a Better C?
Compares Ada, C, C++, language facilities under DOS.
Copy of article in EXE magazine, May 1997, originally titled "Ada better
than C++?" Text and code samples. |
Is Turing a Better
Language for Teaching Programming than Pascal?
Compares Turing to Pascal, long text document, no tables
or graphs; by Jacqueline L. Martin, 1996, many
references. |
Java
and C++ Resource Management Comparison
Detailed discussion of the techniques used in Java and
C++ to implement leak free and exception safe resource management. Covers
memory management, finalizers, destructors and finally blocks with
examples. |
Java and
Smalltalk Syntax Compared
Table and notes compare some elements of syntax of Java
1.1 to Smalltalk-80. |
Java
Benchmark
By Rene Grothmann. Compares sieve algorithm in Java and
C/C++. Text, tables, live comparison applet. |
Java
versus C++
This document compares the languages Java and C++. HTML,
PS and PDF formats. |
Java vs.
C#
Code for code comparison. All features on both languages
are compared. |
Object-Oriented
Languages in the Industry: A Comparison
Table-based comparison of 4 major OO languages: Eiffel,
C++, Java, Smalltalk. Criteria chosen to suggest where Eiffel is
better. |
Perl versus ...
Tom Christiansen compares Perl to other languages, and
some of the others to yet others. |
PL Prelim
Notes
Lists and compares about 20
languages. |
PLEAC: Programming Language Examples
Alike Cookbook
Suite of common programming problems solved in Ada, C++, Erlang,
Guile, Haskell, Java, Masd, merd, NASM, Objective Caml, Perl, Pliant,
Python, Ruby, Tcl. |
Programmers: Otters with
Rocks?
Discusses historical move from low level languages to
higher level interpreted ones, productivity, future developments. Active
feedback response. [ZDNet News] |
Programming
Information from HB
Text descriptions compare C/C++, Java, Pascal, Basic,
VeraStream; Oracle; HTML, XML; JavaScript, PHP. |
Programming
Language Categories
Brief text compares 6 basic language types: general
scripting, programmer scripting, application development, low-level, pure
functional, complete core. |
Programming Language
Comparison
Table compares popular object-oriented languages:
Eiffel, Smalltalk, Ruby, Java, C++, Python, Perl, Visual
Basic. |
Programming
Language Critiques
Annotated links to critiques (Older version, by original
author) |
Programming
Language Critiques: Pascal, C, C++, and C-Linda
By Jim Basney. May
1995. |
Programming
Languages mini-HOWTO
Brief comparison of major Linux programming languages C,
C++, Fortran, Java, Lisp, Perl, PHP, Python, Tcl; by Risto S.
Varanka. |
Programming Languages
Table
By Capers Jones, Chairman, Software Productivity
Research, Inc. Huge table of function point evaluation values (how many
code lines needed for a task) compares 500 languages, dialects, and/or
implementations. |
Python Compared to Other
Languages
Many links to comparisons involving
Python. |
Qtime Collection,
FTP Download, Gzipped
Display time as English sentence, coded in: AWK, C, ICI,
Icon, JavaScript, Lite/mSQL, PHP3, Pike, Python, REBOL, Rexx, Ruby, SLang,
Spanner. Tested on only Linux (all) and AmigaOS (C and Rexx
versions). |
Quantifying
the Debate: Ada vs. C++
Tables and text compare Ada83, Ada95, C, C++; mainly
costs, reliability. By Donald J. Reifer.
[CrossTalk] |
Reasons for TOM
TOM attempts to address flaws in these languages: C++,
Cecil, Common Lisp, Eiffel, Java, Objective-C,
Smalltalk. |
Ruby
Versus Nine Object-Oriented Languages
Compares Ruby, Objective-C, Smalltalk-80, C++, Java,
Python, CLOS, Perl5, PHP, Dylan. |
Sun's
Comparison of Language Features
Table graphic, uses good-fair-poor metric, compares
Java, Smalltalk, Tcl, Perl, Shells, C, C++. |
Survey
of Programming Languages Associated with the Web
General feature comparisons,
explanations. |
Survey of scripting
language implementation options
A comparison of scripting language approaches in various
categories. Pros and cons are given for each feature
variation. |
Syntax
Across Languages
Operator names and syntax elements in various
programming languages. |
Tcl
Advocacy
Table, text, links compare Tcl, Perl, Python, JavaScript, Visual
Basic. |
Ted Shieh's
Programming Language Comparison
A comparison of the features of and demand for some of
the major programming languages. |
The
BNF Web Club Language
Browse, explore some programming language's syntactic
rules. See relations between rules, understand them using BNF (Backus-Naur
Form notation) and syntactic diagrams: SQL, PL/SQL, SQL2, IDL; Ada95,
Java, Modula-2; Lazy, LISP, M5. |
The C Family
of Languages
Interview with Dennis Ritchie, Bjarne Stroustrup, James
Gosling. |
The Great Computer Language
Shootout
A collection of banchmarks performed on 24 different
languages. Includes a tool to grade languages depending on how well they
did on tests that matter for you. |
The Quine
Page
Collection of self-reproducing programs: each outputs a
copy of its own source code; about 60 languages. |
The ROT13
Page
ROT13 implemented in many programming
languages. |
The Zen of Python
By Tim Peters. |
Timing
Trials, or, the Trials of Timing: Experiments with Scripting and
User-Interface Languages
By Brian Kernighan, Christopher Van Wyk. Compares how
fast C, Awk, Perl, Tcl, Java, Visual Basic, Limbo, Scheme, run a range of
representative tasks. Text, tables, graphs, code
samples. |
TIOBE Programming Community
Index
Monthly updated index that gives an indication of the popularity
of programming languages. |
TMXxine
Languages
Brief comparison Curl with High Level assembler, BCX,
Dark Basic, Mono (C#/.Net implementation), Python, Squeak, XBasic/XBlite.
Curl applet examples. |
TUNES Project:
Programming Languages
Over 200 languages described, mostly original
commentary, many deep insights, over 1,000 links. [Open
Content] |
University of
Michigan's Language Guide
Each entry includes history, description, code examples,
and references. |
VB or not
VB
Visual Basic, VB.Net critiques in comparison with Delphi
and C#. |
Water
Comparisons
Two medium length documents compare object-oriented
languages: Water with ConciseXML syntax, to JSP (JavaServer Pages) and
Java; 1 brief list compares Water to PHP. |
What
I Hate About Your Programming Language
Text treats general aspects of language choices, then
compares hatred of Perl, Python, Ruby, PHP, Java, C, C++, JavaScript,
XSLT, SQL. With many forum comments. [ONLamp.com] |
What's Wrong
with Perl
Author explains what he considers wrong about Perl,
presents Python as an alternative. Descriptions, code samples,
links. |
Why I don't use
C#
A non-compartive critique of the C# language by the
creator of the Heron language. |
Why Pascal is Not My
Favorite Programming Language
Brian Kernighan's comparison of Pascal and
C |
Why Tcl is Better than
Perl
Says Tcl is simpler, more maintainable, has superior GUI
interface; Perl is hard to maintain and embed, thread unsafe, complex to
learn. No code samples, tables, graphs. |
Willcam's Language Feature
Simple Comparison
Table compares Java, Perl, Smalltalk, C++, C, Tcl,
Shells (average). |
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